“专转本”英语秘押全真题
本试卷分第1卷(客观题)和第Ⅱ卷(主观题)两部分。第1卷l至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至13页。两卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
第一卷(共100分)
注意事项：1．答第1卷前，考生务必按规定要求填涂答题卡上的姓名、准考证号等项目。2．用铅笔把答题卡上相应题号中正确答案的标号涂黑。答案不涂写在答题卡上，成绩无效。
Part I Reading comprehension:(共20小题,每题2分，共40分)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
There are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with one another. Three basic ways may be described as the market system, the administered system, and the traditional system.
In a market system individual economic units are free to interact each other the marketplace. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market, transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence, the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modern market economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money.
An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each kind of goods and services should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by government, shows amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example or complete planning of production, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy.
In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition: every person’s place with--in the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group of caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve, a stagnant society may result.
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A) To outline contrasting types of economic system
B) To explain the science of economics
C) To argue for the superiority of one economic system
D) To compare barter and money--exchange markets
2. In the second paragraph, the word "real" in "real goods" could best be replaced by which of the following?
A) high quality
B) concrete
C) utter
D) authentic
3. According to the passage, a barter economy can lead to _____.
A) rapid speed of transactions
B) misunderstandings
C) inflation
D) difficulties for the traders
4. According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control in an administered system?
A) Individual households
B) Small businesses
C) Major corporations
D) The government
5. Which of the following is not mentioned by the author as a criterion for determining a person’s place in a traditional society?
A) Family background
B) Age
C) Religious belief
D) Custom
Passage 2
In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality. Science can not really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature. No more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first looked into the nature of the electrification of physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces "really" are. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says, is not a thing, like St. Paul’s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell. Until recently scientists would not have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principle. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that’s where they belong, and smoke goes up because that’s where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.
6. The aim of controlled scientific experiments is _____.
A) to explain why things happen
B) to expalin how things happen
C) to describe self-evident principles
D) to support Aristelian science
7. What principles most influenced scientific thought for two thousand years?
A) The speculations of Thales.
B) The forces of electricity, magnetism and gravity.
C) Aristotle’s natural science.
D) Galileo’s discoveries.
8. Bertrand Russell’s notion about electricity is _____.
A) disapproved of by most modern scientists
B) in agreement with Aristotle’s theory of self-evident principle
C) in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "how" things happen
D) in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "why" things happen
9. The passage says that until recently scientific findings show _________
A) that there are mysterious forces in the universe
B) that man cannot discover what forces "really" are
C) that there are self-evident principle
D) that we can discover why things behave as they do
10. Modern science came into being _____.
A) when the method of controlled experiment was first introduced
B) when Galileo succeeded in explaining how things happen
C) when Aristelian scientists tried to explain why things happen
D) when scientists were able to acquire an understanding of reality by reasoning
Passage 3
In 1944 a 22-year-old Army medic(卫生兵) was answering a battle-field cry for help when fragments of an exploding German shell tore into him. "Gee doc, I feel like both my arms were blown off," George Lott told his battalion’s surgeon as he staffered into a first-aid station (急救站) near the front in northeastern France. It was the beginning of a painful 5000 mile journey through three hospitals as doctor tried to save the medic’s life.
After five operations and two and a half years in Army hospitals, Lott, a righty, regained use of his left arm, but his right was painfully paralyzed. "I begged the doctors to cut off my arm, "he recalls. They did.
An orphan since he was two, with a third grade education, Lott has lived on his pension and Social Security(社会保险金) for the past 40 years. In 1962 he bought a house in Albany, N. Y., not far from the Adirondack Mountains where he hunts and fished. He still has the Purple Heart awarded him after he was wounded, although he has had a difficult time keeping it. His girlfriends, explains the bachelor, have wanted to wear it.
"Sometimes I still dream about the guys I held in my arms that were dying, "says Lott, "I’m proud that I fought for my country, but I’m still here, drinking beer. The guys who didn’t come back are the real heroes. "
11. George Lott got wounded when he was
A) fighting shoulder-to-shoulder with soldiers of his battalion.
B) fighting with French soldiers.
C) in a battlefield crying for help.
D) running toward a wounded soldier who was crying for help.
12. The word "righty" in the second paragraph most probably means
A) a person who has always been correct in conduct.
B) a person who has done the right thing.
C) a person who uses his right hand more readily than his left hand.
D) a person who has courage.
13. From the passage we can infer that
A) Lott’s recovery was long and painful.
B) he lost both his arms.
C) he never got a job after he was wounded.
D) both a and c.
14. Which of the following is true?
A) Lott didn’t think much of his wartime service.
B) Lott and his girlfriend are proud that he fought for his country.
C) Lott feels ashamed that he is still drinking beer.
D) Lott lost his Purple Heart.
15. Lott thinks that real heroes are
A) those dying people whom he held in his arms.
B) those who died for their country.
C) those who chose not to come back to their country.
D) those who fought for their country.
Passage 4
Many women want it all. They want to pursue a career of their own while at the same time maintain their status as full-time wife and mother. Many people claim that it’s simply not possible, but more and more women are proving that it is. With all of the available home based business opportunities for women, anyone can make a good living while still taking care of their families.
After college most young women secure a position in their field of study. They work hard until they decide it’s time to venture into the world of parenthood. Although it’s completely acceptable to take a few weeks off for a maternity break following the baby’s birth, many women have trouble leaving the infant in favor of their job. For them home based business opportunities for women can give them the freedom they need to work at home.
There are many different career choices that fall under the umbrella of work-at-home jobs. The driving force behind what a woman should do to contribute to the family’s income has more to do with her interests and less to do with making a fast buck. There are many business opportunities for women advertised online and in local newspapers that claim that any mom can make a small fortune just by stuffing envelopes or selling a money making system. Both of these will require payment up-front to a shady company. No one should ever fall prey to these business opportunities for women as they are simply vehicles for taking your money.
16. What is the passage mainly about?
A) Home based business opportunities for full-time wives.
B) Home based business opportunities for mothers.
C) Home based business opportunities for women.
D) Home based business opportunities for full-time wives and mothers.
17. The phrase “fall prey to”(Line 7, Para.3)most probably means ______.
A) be greatly hunted by
B) be greatly troubled by
C) trouble for
D) hunt for
18. What does the author most probably mean when he says “The driving force behind what a woman should do to contribute to the family’s income has more to do with her interests and less to do with making a fast buck.”?
A) Women do work-at-home jobs because they want to make big money.
B) Women do work-at-home jobs because they have interests in them.
C) Women do work-at-home jobs because they are poor.
D) Women do work-at-home jobs because they are bread winners.
19. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A) It’s very difficult for a mother to leave her baby in favor of her job.
B) Most young women work hard until they have an infant.
C) work-at-home jobs are available for all the women so that they can make a small fortune and take care of their families.
D) It’s simply not possible for most women in the U.S to go out for a job.
20. The attitude of the author in this passage is _______.
A) positive
B) negative
C) critical
D) ironical
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题,每题1分，共40分)
21. He asked us to____them in carrying through their plan.
A) provide B) arouse C) assist D) persist
42. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, ____ was to be expected.
A) that B) what C) so D) as
23. He was such a ____speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three-hour lecture.
A) specific B) dynamic C) heroic D) diplomatic
24. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the ____which occurred in his dormitory.
A) occasions B) matters C) incidents D) issues
25. The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the boys managed to ____through.
A) press B) squeeze C) stretch D) leap
26. They are trying to ____ the waste discharged by the factory for profit.
A) expose B) exhaust C) exhibit D) exploit
27. The manager urged his staff not to ____the splendid opportunity.
) drop B) miss C) escape D) slide
28. ____I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man.
A) Much as B) Only if C) If only D) As much
29. Because of a ____ engagement, Lora couldn’t attend my birthday party last
Saturday.
A) pioneer B) premature C) prior D) past
30. The continuous rain ____ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks.
A) set back B) set off C) set out D) set aside
31. Not having a good command of English can be a serious ____ preventing you from achieving your goals.
A) obstacle B) fault C) offense D) distress
32. It’s very ____ of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep.
A) concerned B) careful C) considerable D) considerate
33. Many a player who had been highly thought of has ____ from the tennis scene.
A) disposed B) disappeared C) discouraged D) discarded
34. She’s fainted. Throw some water on her face and she’ll ____.
A) come round B) come along C) come on D) come out
35. All their attempts to ____ the child from the burning building were in vain.
A) regain B) recover C) rescue D) reserve
36. Computer technology will ____ a revolution in business administration.
A) bring around B) bring about C) bring out D) bring up
37. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of ____ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments.
A) regulating B) halting C) interrupting D) combating
38. The ____ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly the gap between researchers and teachers.
A) joint B) intensive C) overall D) decisive
39. The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the ____ in which people communicate across time and space.
A) route B) transmission C) vision D) manner
40. When I go out in the evening I use the bike ____ the car if I can.
A) rather than B) regardless of C) in spite of D) other than
41. There is no ____ evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab.
A) rigid B) solid C) smooth D) harsh
42. Every culture has developed ____ for certain kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negative attitudes toward others.
A) preferences B) expectations C) fantasies D) fashions
43. It is reported that Uruguay understands and ____ China on human rights issues.
A) grants B) changes C) abandons D) backs
44. Only a few people have ____ to the full facts of the incident.
A) access B) resort C) contact D) path
45. His trousers ____ when he tried to jump over the fence.
A) cracked B) split C) broke D) burst
46. So far, ____ winds and currents have kept the thick patch of oil southeast of the Atlantic coast.
A) governing B) blowing C) prevailing D) ruling
47. The author was required to submit an ____ of about 200 words together with his research paper.
A) edition B) editorial C) article D) abstract
48. As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed, new official tongues began to ____ at an increasing rate.
A) bring up B) build upC) spring upD) strike up
49. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, ____ they have no schedules to keep.
A) even though B) for C) as if D) since
50. Some plants are very ____ to light; they prefer the shade.
A) sensible B) flexible C) objective D) sensitive
51.____there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.
A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless
52. This organization brought Western artists together in the hope of making more of an impact on the art community ____ any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.
A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than
53. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought them__3__ suffering and poverty.
A. anything but B. nothing but
C. none other than D. no more than
54. After____seemed an endless wait, it was her too run to step into the doctor’s office.
A. it B. that C. what D. which
55. The board deemed it’s urgent that these files ____ right away.
A. had to be printed B. should have been printed
C. must be printed D. should be printed
56. ____native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world.
A. In spite of B. That it is C. It was D. Although
57. Our civilization cannot be thought of as ____ in a short period of time.
A. to have been created B. to be created
C. having been created D. being created
58. We feel it is high time that the Government ____something to check the inflation.
A. did B. do C. should do D. would do
59. It has been proposed that we ____ our decision until the next meeting.
A. delayed B. delay C. can delay D. are to delay
60. Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy-five miles an hour ____originate over tropical ocean waters.
A. which B. who C. where D. how to
Part III Cloze (共20小题，每题1分，共20分)
Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark your answer on the answer sheet.
Americans are quite casual about manners and accept a wide range of behavior as appropriate. If you follow the suggestions and ___ 61___given here and your own good ___62___your behavior will probably satisfy even the most ___63___American.
When introducing people of different ___64___in the USA., it’s polite to say the woman’s name first. But if the man is___65___or famous, then his name or title should be 66 first; when two people of the 67 sex are introduced, the older person is named first.
Proper forms of ___68___are often a puzzle to foreigners. In the USA., people in the same general age group 69 to get a first-name basis very quickly. Co-workers, classmates, and neighbors often call each other by __70__names. But an adult is ___71___to continue to call doctors, lawyers, teachers, religious leaders, and bosses by their last names.
___72___, it is not polite to call someone by the last name only. Titles that ___73___the last name include Mr. for a man, Miss for a single woman, Mrs. For a woman who is married, divorced, or widowed, and Ms used for a woman whose marital ___74___you don’t know. Some single or__ 75 __ women may ___76___ the title Ms. When in doubt about which ___77___to use when introducing a woman, use her ___78___ name without any title at all. To address a man whose name you don’t know, use sir. It is rude to call him mister. To address a woman you don’t know, use madam or ma’am. Remember that the title Dr. is used not only for a medical doctor but also for a dentist and for a person with a(n) ___79___doctorate degree.
It is also important to remember that ___80___ few titles are used without the last name. Those that can be used alone include Doctor, Professor, and some of the titles for religious leaders.
|
61
|
A) alarms
|
B) advise
|
C) warnings
|
D) notices
|
|
62
|
A) judgment
|
B) sense
|
C) measure
|
D) estimation
|
|
63
|
A) appropriate
|
B) suitable
|
C) right
|
D) proper
|
|
64
|
A) men
|
B) women
|
C) sexes
|
D) people
|
|
65
|
A) elderly
|
B) senior
|
C) elder
|
D) junior
|
|
66
|
A) regarded
|
B) mentioned
|
C) thought
|
D) preferred
|
|
67
|
A) coherent
|
B) identical
|
C) same
|
D) unanimous
|
|
68
|
A) call
|
B) name
|
C) address
|
D) label
|
|
69
|
A) tend
|
B) intend
|
C) extend
|
D) trend
|
|
70
|
A) second
|
B) middle
|
C) last
|
D) first
|
|
71
|
A) likely
|
B) possible
|
C) probable
|
D) proper
|
|
72
|
A) But
|
B) Nevertheless
|
C) while
|
D) However
|
|
73
|
A) proceed
|
B) precede
|
C) put
|
D) place
|
|
74
|
A) stature
|
B) statue
|
C) status
|
D) stadium
|
|
75
|
A) widowed
|
B) married
|
C) marital
|
D) divorced
|
|
76
|
A) prefer
|
B) appreciate
|
C) enjoin
|
D) enjoy
|
|
77
|
A) head
|
B) name
|
C) title
|
D) honor
|
|
78
|
A) complete
|
B) whole
|
C) entire
|
D) full
|
|
79
|
A) scientific
|
B) academic
|
C) technological
|
D) physical
|
|
80
|
A) right
|
B) very
|
C) rather
|
D) fairly
|
第二卷（共50分）
Part IV Translation(共35分)
Section A(共5小题，每题4分，共20分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.
81. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task.
82. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principle.
83. It was the beginning of a painful 5000 mile journey through three hospitals as doctor tried to save the medic’s life.
84. Many people claim that it’s simply not possible, but more and more women are proving that it is
85. There are many different career choices that fall under the umbrella of work-at-home jobs.
Section B (共5小题，每题3分，共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English
86.________________________ (多亏了一系列的新发明)，doctors can treat this disease successfully.
87.In my sixties, one change I notice is that ________________________ (我比以前更容易累了).
88.I am going to pursue this course, ________________________ (无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).
89.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _______________(它更方便和省时).
90.Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _______________________ (是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.
Part V. Writing (共15分)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Should College Students take Part-time Job? You should write no less than 120 words in three paragraphs and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
1. 大学生做兼职的利与弊 |
